Saudi Arabia defends its death
penalty - Beheadings
acceptable in some contexts
The Saudi government beheaded 52 men and 1 woman last
year for crimes including murder, homosexuality, armed robbery and
drug trafficking. But Saudis say that while Islam condones the
punishment in one context, it condemns militants who decapitated
hostages here and in Iraq.
Islam permits the death penalty for certain crimes, but
few mainstream Muslim scholars and observers believe beheadings
are sanctioned by Sharia, or Islamic law.
The Saudi government says the punishment is sanctioned
by Islamic tradition. State-ordered beheadings are performed in
courtyards outside crowded mosques in major cities after weekly
Friday prayer services.
A condemned convict is brought into the courtyard,
hands tied, and forced to bow before an executioner, who swings a
huge sword amid cries from onlookers of "Allahu Akbar!"
Arabic for "God is great."
On
Friday, outside the main mosque in the Saudi
capital, Riyadh, a policeman standing in the scorching summer heat
declared to worshippers: "There are no qisas today."
Qisas is the Arabic word for Islamic-law punishments - which in
the kingdom could mean beheadings or the amputation of limbs.
But Saudi clerics insist beheading is only allowed in
the case of criminal convictions - not in the killing of innocents.
"No religion condones these acts," Abdul
Muhsen al Obaiqan, a senior Islamic cleric in Riyadh, told the
Associated Press. "They are against Islam, and they tarnish
the image of Muslims. No Muslim should show any sympathy for them."
Last week, al-Qaida-linked militants in Saudi Arabia
decapitated American engineer Paul M. Johnson Jr. after warning
they would kill him if the Saudi government did not release jailed
comrades.
In Iraq this week, militants beheaded Kim Sun-il, a
South Korean translator for a U.S. military supplier and dumped
his body between Baghdad and Fallujah.
American businessman Nicholas Berg met a similar fate
last month in Iraq. Both killings are blamed on the
al-Qaida-linked movement of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
The beheadings were videotaped, photographed and posted
on the Internet a new tactic apparently aimed at increasing the
shock value of the militants' campaign against Westerners.
Al-Qaida is thought to be trying to drive out
foreigners, depriving the kingdom of a vital work force and
undermining the rule of the Saudi royal family.
Beheading has been nearly unknown in previous Middle
East violence. The militants may have been seeking to give an
Islamic veneer to the slayings or they may have been taking a page
from Islamic militant groups elsewhere. Beheadings have occurred
in Algeria, Kashmir, Chechnya and the Muslim-dominated southern
Philippines.
The beheadings of Johnson, Kim and Berg drew
condemnations from Saudi officials, Islamic leaders and scholars
throughout the Middle East.
Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Saud denounced Kim's
decapitation as "inhumane and cruel."
Columnist Qenan al-Ghamdi wrote in the Al-Watan daily
of Johnson's death, "Saudis were saddened by this crime,
because it was perpetrated in the name of Islam by some of their
sons against a resident in their country and in such an ugly and
despicable way."
Badr bin Nasser al Badr, a theology professor at
Riyadh's Imam University, told the AP: "Our guests are
protected by our faith, Islam. Their lives and property should be
protected. Their blood and lives are as precious as ours."
"The killing of foreigners who are working and
feel secure in Muslim countries... is not sanctioned by
Islam," said Lebanon's top Shiite Muslim cleric, Grand
Ayatollah Sheik Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah.
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